Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology

Biography

Biography: Carlos Sanchez Salguero

Abstract

In recent decades we have been assisting the identification, isolation and purification of a large number of allergens of different origins and, on the other hand, the application of recombinant DNA technology to the field of Pediatric Allergology for the biotechnological production of allergens with high purity and consistent quality from batch to batch, so that the use of purified allergens, natural or recombinant, is a real advance in clinical allergy.

The combination of these advances in molecular biology with those produced in nanotechnology has allowed the development of new technologies, among them the so-called microarrays. The protein microarray allows the detection of specific IgE against multiple molecules simultaneously, enabling the so-called molecular diagnosis or component diagnosis (CRD), which has a special interest in the diagnosis of food allergy as well as in the precision diagnosis of polysensitized patients.

The CRD will allow us to identify the individual patterns of sensitization to different proteins from the same allergenic source, with the possibility of identifying:

1.      Sensitization to proteins associated with an increased risk of serious reactions, such as lipid transfer proteins (LTP).

2.      Sensitization to homologous proteins in different allergenic sources with possible involvement in cross reactivity phenomena.

3.      Indicate a precise immunotherapy.

CONCLUSIONS

The microarray technology constitutes an important advance in the diagnosis of allergy, it allows us to establish an accurate molecular diagnosis, to know the patterns of sensitization that a patient presents with the own differences according to the geographical area to which it belongs and to detect sensitization to molecules responsible for cross reactivity syndromes. A clear indication of this tool is in the study of the patient polysensitized and in the precise indication of an immunotherapy.